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Adventure Valley

Centre Camp
Centre Camp

Camp Chikopi
Camp Chikopi

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Fraser Lake Camp

Glenbrook Day Camp
Glenbrook Daycamp

Green Acres Day Camp
Green Acres Summer Day Camp

Camp Hatikvah
Camp Hatikvah

Camp madawaska
Camp Madawaska

Camp New Moon
Camp New Moon

Par Golf Camps
Par Golf Camps

Robin Hood Camps
Robin Hood Camps

Camp Tamarak
Camp Tamarack

Camp Timberlane
Camp Timberlane

Camp Wahanowin
www.Wahanowin.com

Camp Walden
www.CampWalden.Ca

Camp White Pine
www.CampWhitePine.com

Zodiac
Zodiac

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Journeys Ontario
Journeys Ontario
Ontario Recreational Canoeing Association
Ontario Recreational Canoeing Association
Ontario Camp leadership Workshop
Ontario Camp leadership Workshop
Hike Ontario
Hike Ontario
OCA
Ontario Camping Association
Ontario
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Articles

The New Camp Connection

Quality Merchandise, Lower prices, and Customer Service. Three areas that we are always striving to improve at Camp Connection General Store. That focus has lead to programs such as our Lower Price Guarantee and our Preferred Members program. We listen to what our customers have to say and we continue to change to meet your needs - are you ready for the New Camp Connection?

Our four main goals for this camp season are:

1. More efficient shopping.
2. Reduce out of Stock items,
3. Up to date merchandise and information, and
4. Even Lower Pricing.

We are addressing all these issues in depth, under the theory that if we can serve our customers better during camp season (our busiest time of year), then we can make a tenfold improvement through the rest of the year. Here's what we're up to:

4. Even Lower Pricing - Gym Master, Nalgene, Seal-Line, Gildan and more.
We have worked hard to bring our already guaranteed lower prices even lower for this coming summer. Working extensively with Gym Master, we have managed to drop the regular price of adult sweats from $29.99 to $24.99. We have brought in a gorgeous line of women's swimsuits for the stunning price of $9.99/piece, and we have dropped the prices on items like Seal-Line, Nalgene, and Gildan significantly. Our regular prices are always Guaranteed Lower - our Membership prices are phenomenal!

3. Up to date Merchandise and information - Go ahead, ask us about everything.
We know our stuff on sizing, shrinkage and product recommendations. We know what's hot and what's not. We're keeping up to date on the Bisephenol A (Nalgne) issue, and we're getting in new product and info all the time.

2. Out of stock items - we're trying to make them a thing of the past.
Our biggest inventory issue isn't having what our customer wants - that's easy - it is getting enough of it into the store. Every summer there is a product or two that we just can't keep on the shelf, no matter how many we order. So how have we tried to fix this? We brought out our crystal ball, figured out what was going to be most popular, and then bought it. Lots of it. And we brought it in early. Our merchandise is arriving earlier than ever before, and so much of it that we don't know where to put it all. We have had to buy and create new fixtures to get everything in. We've even started hanging things from the ceiling! All just to make sure we have enough of whatever it is that you need, when you need it.

1. Quicker shopping.
The most noticeable change you'll see in the store is our new cash system. Our old one was just too slow! We are bringing in new touch screen sales terminals, and are reconfiguring our cash counters. We have also spent countless hours streamlining the checkout process, just to get everyone through the lineups quicker. We know we can't eliminate lineups, but we hope to make them a heck of a lot shorter.

When is all this happening? Right now! Summer is just around the corner. The store is filling up with merchandise. The new fixtures, cash setup and systems are being added daily and the changes are all for the better. Are you ready for the New Camp Connection? We are ready for you.

Sean Markle
www.campstore.com


How Clean are Your Skivvies?

Were they that clean when you bought them?

Are you sure?

Where do you buy your unmentionables? Think about this for a moment: What is the return and exchange policy where you buy your socks and underwear? Is it 'All underwear is Final Sale" or can you exchange items that don't fit, or are unacceptable for some reason?

A couple of years ago, WCBS filmed an expose on major retailers(Victoria's Secret, Macy's, the Gap, Lord and Taylor, etc). They bought ladies and men's underwear, removed any tags or packaging, and wrinkled it to suggest it had been worn or at least tried on. They also discreetly marked the items so that they could be identified as that same item in future. And then they returned the items to the store and watched what happened. I'll bet you can guess.

The merchandise was almost always retagged and placed right back on the shelves. Everything from frilly thong underwear to tighty-whitey's. But when you think about it, what else would you expect?

If the store will take the items back, what do they do with the returned items? Should they then try to return possibly worn underwear to the manufacturer? In most cases the manufacturer will refuse. Should the retailer throw out the possibly worn underwear and absorb the loss on a customer's error or whim? A small loss once in a while is fine, I suppose - but it makes it difficult for a business to generate profit when they are returning items for a loss on a regular basis.

The other option for any business is to flat out refuse to accept underwear returns. This is never popular with the 'Customer is Always Right' crowd, who demand Customer Satisfaction. And stores are rightfully wary of angering customers, especially in a grey area like loose fit boxers and 'unopened' packages.

Many people, both in retail and consumers in general, are under the impression that this issue is regulated in some way by either the municipal, provincial or federal government. I believed that most stores were required by provincial legislation to either refuse returns of intimate apparel, or dispose of accepted returns. I was given this information during my first retail training, and I have since trained all my staff in this way.

But I had my eyes opened when we recently conducted some research on the subject. The closest thing to actual government policy we could find was in a 2005 report on the 'Youth Partners Project' by the Canadian Council of Provincial Child and Youth Advocates. After receiving complaints from the displaced youth such as "Sometimes the laundry isn't cleaned properly, especially underwear" the official recommendation was that "The practice of recycling underwear should be discontinued immediately."

With little to no mention of personal garment returns in any government documentation, we made some phone calls. Contacts at the Municipal level in health or any department, the Provincial Health and Consumer Affairs offices, and at Health Canada itself gave the same response: "It's an Urban Myth." There is no such regulation at any level of government. Each business is expected to develop its own policy with regards to the sale and return of personal items, which is why there is such a difference from store to store with regards to how this issue is dealt with.

So where does that leave the battle of the bottoms? Right where you might expect. Every business looks to their bottom dollar. Major reputable chains may choose to accept the returned undies and take the loss. Or as WCBS found out, they may take the return and simply re-shelf the item for the next unwary customer. And the honest retailers? They can't afford to take the loss but will refuse to put returned underwear back on the shelf even at the risk of alienating customers.

La Senza will not accept returns of underwear or other questionably personal items, and As of April 2007, Zellers Canada has followed suit. Zellers has posted that they will no longer accept returns of any personal garments 'for hygienic reasons.' Contrast that with a major chain like Victoria's Secret, which will apparently accept anything as a return and you wonder what they do with all that returned underwear? Trash it? Not likely.

The question then becomes - should this be a regulated issue? Should some level of government step in and lay down the law, or should consumers and retailers be trusted to regulate themselves? Is it reasonable to have a 'No returns' policy, or to expect all stores to take a return? And how about loose fitting boxers or socks or hats? Should they be considered the same type of garment as a bathing suit or thong? Obviously a black and white blanket policy is going to be impossible, but any shades-of-grey option isn't going to be easy to implement.

I don't see any Government regulation coming on this any time soon (if ever), and I don't trust many retailers to not re-shelve returned goods of their own volition, regardless of what they claim. My recommendation? Don't buy personal items from a store that will accept them as a return. At the very least - ask what happens to the returned items if they are brought back. And most importantly, always wash any garment before wearing - especially items of a more… intimate nature.

So I'll ask you again - where do you buy your unmentionables?

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Backcare On The Go: New OBUS FORME Ltd. Backpacks Engineered To Improve User Safety And Comfort

With a staggering 330% increase in injuries from backpacks since 1996*, carrying the “weight of the world on your shoulders” is no longer just a casual cliché. Backpacks have become a necessity of life, with school children at the top of the user’s list. With their delicate musculoskeletal systems and still-developing bodies, improper backpack use can have both long and short-term effects on a child’s back health. (For the complete Article see Obusforme.com Back to the Top


Choosing a Paddle.

I see the innate hockey player in the people who shop our store almost every day. They walk up to our paddle rack, pull down a nice looking paddle and stand it on the floor in front of them. And just like a hockey players, if the paddle stands to between their chin and their nose they nod their heads and troop off to the cash to purchase their new paddle. This sizing method works for hockey sticks just fine - but with paddles a little more consideration is needed. Don't get me wrong, I'm sure that hockey-sized paddle will do just fine for occasional paddlers and as the odd makeshift goal stick. But here's the deal: If you take a little time and figure out what you need, you are going to get a paddle that will be more efficient, suit your style of paddling, and allow you to move farther, faster.

Anatomy of a paddleFitting a paddle involves more than just overall length. It involves Shaft length, Blade type, and grip shape - not to mention what/where you are paddling (keep in mind that I am writing mostly about flatwater and recreational paddles). So let's get the language barrier out of the way. Paddles are a relatively simple item with a few key parts. The top end, where you place your hand is the 'grip.' The long part between your hands is the 'shaft,' and the 'throat' (also called the 'shoulder') is where you place your lower hand to paddle - just above the flare where the shaft widens out to become the blade. The wet end of the blade is called the tip.

Shaft Length

The most important part of fitting your paddle is the shaft length, and unlike your hockey stick, your overall height has little to do with the length of your paddle. Keep in mind that something like 80% of all paddlers can use a 54"-60" paddle. The key here is the length of your torso. There are many theories and methods to figure this, but I'm just going to cover two:

Correctly fitted PaddleIf you come into the store, we are going to have you stand with the paddle on your head. And no, it's not just so we can laugh at how silly you look. Grab the paddle on the shaft just below the grip and at the throat, and then hold the paddle, shaft centered, on your head. The angle at your elbows should be about 90 degrees. If your arms are wider the paddle is too long, and if your arms are narrower, the paddle is too short. This is a general guideline and works in almost all cases - especially for a recreational paddler. But don't forget that the blade needs to reach the water, so how you position yourself and the depth of your boat are also factors here.

If you are feeling more technical - sit (don't slouch) on a wooden, straight backed chair. Measure from the seat of your chair to your eyebrows, and that should give you a good indication of the length of shaft you need. Remember that the blade length is usually included in a paddle measurement.

Blade type

This is where a lot of people seem to get hung up - What's the difference between a Beavertail and a Voyageur style paddle blade? Why would I pick one over the other? Go back to the blade of your hockey stick. When you start to play, you can pretty much use any stick and get used to it. It takes time to figure out if you prefer a straight blade (to give you a stronger backhand shot) or one with a crazy illegal curve (for the wicked wrist and snap shots to the top corners).

Three Paddle TypesA lot of people happily spend their entire paddling careers using a basic Beavertail paddle. Wide, long and rounded. Shaped like, well, the tail of a beaver. This is an ideal all purpose shape. It provides lots of surface with which to 'pull water,' the rounded edges give a smooth entry and exit for each paddle stroke, it is not too deep and can serve in shallower and faster water in a pinch, as well as being useful for a nice flatwater tour.

An Ottertail paddle (my paddle of choice) is designed a little more with flatwater in mind. It's a little longer so it grabs the less turbulent water that's a little deeper down. And it provides a little more control - which is why it is a choice for many Soloists. It tends to be a little long and narrow for shallower, faster water.

The Voyageur style blade is wide and square. It takes a little more skill to have this paddle enter and exit the water without catching the sharper corners on the water, but the tradeoff is that it will pull more water with each stroke. It does require a little more strength and endurance on longer jaunts, but it is also more effective in shallower water than the Beaver or Otter tail because of it's width at the tip.

There are as many different styles of paddle blade as there are people who make them - these are just three of the most common. If you shop around you'll note that every manufacturer has their own spin on even these three basics. You should never hesitate to try out something new, because who knows - it may work for you.

Grip Shape

Paddle GripsThe last real variable for fit is the shape of the grip. There are basically two options: the 't-grip', and the 'pear' or 'palm' grip. The majority of recreational and flatwater paddles on the market are built with a smooth, shaped palm grip. It is infinitely more comfortable for longer trips (you will probably be taking something like 1000-1600 strokes an hour - you want to be comfortable). The t-grip gives your top hand a little more leverage, providing you with more control in tight situations. This grip is more popular among white-water enthusiasts, and it is often recommended for children because their smaller hands have an easier time holding the t-shape.

Construction and other considerations.

There are a ton of other variables to look into. Wooden paddles come in all varieties - heavier paddles for durability, lighter for comfort and endurance. One Piece for strength, Laminated for cost and/or beauty. Resin tips to protect from rocks and sand are very popular.
Wood seems to be the material of choice for recreational paddlers - the warmth in the hand and for tradition more than anything else, but there are other options: Aluminum/plastic for weight and cost, carbon fiber and other synthetics for strength and weight. My last trip, I saw a large number of bent shaft paddles which add huge efficiency and power, but subtract a little in the control and grace of a well cadenced paddle.

Basically the best way to pick a paddle is to go out and try different things. Figure out what works for you. Where are you going to be paddling and for how long? Like your hockey stick, you will develop a preference and build familiarity with every stroke, and like your hockey stick you should always carry a spare - in case of breakage.

Keep your stick on the ice and happy paddling.

For more reading on paddles and paddling try:
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Keeping warm this coming winter - Mom always did know best.

"You'll freeze waiting for the bus in those blue jeans," my mom used to complain every morning as I headed to the bus stop. Little did I know that I would be thinking about a worried mother's advice so many years later. I stood there each day, wet hair turning to icicles around my ears, leather jacket (open, over a T-shirt) creaking with every movement and my denims caked with snow. I looked cool as cool (no pun intended), but I was a freeze-pop.

Keeping warm in the winter months is a balancing act that a surprising number of people know very little about in our land of ice and snow. Without stating the obvious, I was cold for two reasons: Cotton and a Lack of Layers. Rule number one in the battle against cold: Cotton is bad. Period. Cotton traps and holds moisture, which draws warmth from your body as it cools and evaporates. Try wearing a cotton T-shirt under your raincoat on a muggy, rainy afternoon. Your coat has no leaks and yet you are soaked and chilled because your cotton 'T is trapping all of the moisture coming off of your body. Makes you wonder why anyone would wear a cotton T-shirt in the winter.

The secret to staying warm? Simple. Layers. No matter whether you are sitting in a snow bank watching the world go past or skiing the biathlon in a blizzard, dress with these three layers in mind and you will be toasty warm all winter.
  • Layer 1. The base layer. This is the layer that sits next to your skin. It needs to wick moisture (absorb and move moisture outwards from your body), not trap it. It also needs to be comfortable, light, and dry quickly. As far as I am concerned, synthetics like Polyester and poly blends such as polypropylene are the only way to go. They control the heat thieving moisture, and maintain their warmth even when wet. Synthetics are also light, compact and comfortable. Old-school silks or wool is effective but tends to be bulkier and less comfortable. If you are skiing that biathlon, a lighter, more skin tight base layer is fine, but if you are standing and waiting for the bus, a bulkier or heavier layer might be more appropriate.
  • Layer 2. The middle layer. Your middle layer is the workhorse. Traditionally this layer is bulky (air is the best insulator, and down or batten is commonly used to trap and hold warm air). A truly effective middle layer will also relay the moisture that the base layer is wicking outwards and keep it away from your body. The best middle layer for my money is again, synthetics. A non-pilling polyester fleece sweater, jacket or vest has incredible insulation value and handles moisture well - with the added bonus that it isn't too bulky. Wool sweaters are also a good option if you prefer natural fibers. For the biathlete, a lightweight vest or long-sleeved shirt would be fine, but if that bus is taking forever, you will want to opt for the big cozy sweater.
  • Layer 3. The outer layer. Ideally outer layers (shells) keep out rain, wind and snow, while allowing trapped moisture to escape - keeping you warm and dry. There are many styles of shell design, most of which incorporate the following features:
    • A tightly woven outer layer which is light and durable. It should move easily and wear comfortably.

    • Water Proof (Complete moisture barrier), Water Repellent or water resistant(Keeps you dry in all but the heaviest downpours). More expensive shells offer one way moisture permeable barriers which allow moisture to escape but not get in.

    • Venting. Allows you to compensate for overheating and perspiration by giving excess moisture a way to escape.
There are many three-in-one and five-in-one jackets that provide your second and third layers all in one package, and which go a long way to keeping you warm and comfortable no matter how long you wait for the bus, or if you have to run to catch it.

Keeping comfortable in extreme weather is relatively straightforward with a little foresight and planning. Proper layering, and contouring gear to your level of activity and your own personal preference goes hand in hand. Of course, when it gets -really- cold you can always just "miss the bus" and have mom drive you to school.

Sean Markle, Camp Connection General Store.

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Purple Noses and Frozen Tongues

So we all know one person who's done it. You know, stuck his or her tongue to a frozen metal post in the depth of winter. Maybe that kid in fourth grade who really believed it when he was told that the frozen swing set tasted like chocolate, or the girl who was willing to take a dare instead of telling the truth about her current crush. Frozen tongues are just one of the many winter dangers we face on a day to day basis. If you are tobogganing, hiking cross country or trudging to your car, keep an eye out for these dangers and know how to react if they occur.

One of the most interesting misconceptions about the winter season is the idea that because it is cold, the UV rating doesn't matter. When was the last time you saw someone with a bright red sunburn in the middle of February? (Not counting people who went south for two weeks.) On the other hand, why would the sun pummel you with those horrid ultraviolet rays in the summer, and not in the winter? Does it go south too?

No. Plain and simple, the UV threat is just as harsh (or more harsh) than it is in the summer, but you are wearing more clothes so your exposure is less. That nice warm parka doesn't help your face or eyes however. Even if UV radiation is lower on any given day, the reflection off of the snow can almost double the amount that reaches your eyes and face.

The solution is both obvious and simple: wear good UV blocking sunglasses when outside or driving (Your windshield does not block UV radiation), and a decent sunscreen lotion on your face. My preference is purple zinc for my nose - it helps me look cool on the ski hill. To all of the polar Bear Jumpers out there I recommend lathering up with a 30 or 45 SPF waterproof sun block before taking the big plunge.

Hypothermia is not something to be taken lightly. Much like the danger from UV radiation, it is commonly seen as a seasonal threat, yet it is just as easy to suffer from Hypothermia in the summer as in the winter. The problem being that in the winter every armchair doctor will tag the first shiver as Hypothermia, While no one thinks twice about freezing to death in the summer. Regardless, everyone should know what signs to look for. Early indicators are a decrease in the ability to make decisions, sudden tiredness and apathy, and of course, shivering. If allowed to progress, Hypothermia can cause drunken-like slurring and stumbling, and eventually unconsciousness. These are all symptoms of a drop in the body's core temperature, brought on by exposure to heat-robbing wind, water and cold.

The only way to treat Hypothermia is through slow, steady rewarming of the victims body - but even then the body's core temperature will continue to drop as the cold blood from the extremities moves inwards. Regardless of the details, it is most important to recognize these symptoms for what they are, and to recognize them early, because the "prevention of hypothermia is simple. Treatment is not. Rewarming can be a long and complex process taking hours...".

For more detailed information on Hypothermia, check out the linked quote above. Unfortunately there is far too much to deal properly within such a short forum.

Ever had someone tell you that if you rubbed snow on frostbite it would help? Or how about the old wives tale that vigorously rubbing or beating affected areas will 'stimulate blood flow.' Not only are these gross misconceptions, they are dangerous and can do far more harm than good.

Frostbite occurs due to exposure to cold and wind, lack of circulation and dehydration. Exposure does not even have to continue for extended periods of time for frostbite to occur, especially when skin comes into contact with things like super-cooled metals and chilled gasoline. The body compensates for exposure to cold by decreasing blood flow to cold areas, which can lead to that area freezing. This freezing process in turn dehydrates the tissue's cells. Combined with blood clots and frozen cells rubbing and grinding against each other, a frostbitten area can suffer a lot of damage.

Frostbite tends to appear red, swollen or waxy, and to tingle or sting. In more severe cases, stiffness, soreness and outright pain are present. Frostbite treatment should not be attempted until there is no danger of refreezing the affected area - which can cause more severe damage - and not at all if it is possible to get the patient to a hospital. Rapid rewarming by completely submersing the affected area in hot water (100 to 108 degrees Farenheight ) is the only way to properly treat frostbite.

Again, for more information, please follow this link, and always contact a doctor if you are unsure about your condition.

That's about all the room there is for this month, so get outside and have fun in the snow. Remember, if your tongue gets frozen to your front porch railing, just wait it out. Your body heat should thaw the problem. If you are truly impatient, pour a cup of warm water over your tongue - assuming of course, that you can reach the tap... Whatever you do, don't just pull it off. It hurts. Trust me.

Sean Markle (Camp Connection General Store, January 18, 2003)

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How to deal with camp packing (1)
or,
Arcane Language Studies, and Advanced List Mathematics.

Well it is another ridiculously cold day here in southwestern Ontario, and while I love the cold weather, it appears some of my coworkers (O.K., all of them) would prefer to move on to warmer times. Apparently articles about keeping warm and frostbite are not helping. I keep telling them to savor the cold weather, because before they know it, it will be Camp Season and before camp season there is always the dreaded 'getting ready for camp season.' If your camp lists aren't in the mail, they will be soon.

Don't panic! Camp Connection is here to help. This month is a general run down of the idea behind your camp's list, and how you should go about deciphering it. (In other words, remembering all of the basics. In the coming months I will look at more advanced problems, the most asked questions about camp lists, and tackle the ever persistent 'why the heck does my son/daughter need...?' issue.) But first, your lists in general.

The first thing every initiate into the world of Camp List Linguistics needs to realize is this: The Camp List is not carved in stone. For the most part it is a general guide as to what the camper will need and how much of it they will need. If the list happens to say 'thirteen one-ounze water bottles,' you can probably get away with one thirteen-ounce bottle, or maybe even a 250 Ml one.

"But...?" You say, waving your camp list at me and pointing to the bold, highlighted, underlined text with big stars around it that says "ABSOLUTELY NO STUFFED ANIMALS THAT LOOK LIKE LEOPARDS - THEY WILL BE CONFISCATED, SHREDDED AND FED TO THE RACCOONS!" And I will nod and say, 'Yes, you are right, that is pretty explicit.' Every camp does have things that are absolutely necessary and/or prohibited. You, as the researcher of such an arcane text, need to watch for these items. Every camp is different in what it requires or will not allow. The best way to approach this if you are not sure or don't understand the reasoning for an item, is to call the camp.

The mathematics of camp lists are a category all on their own. Most lists require advanced degrees to be fully understood. To figure out the number of towels needed, for instance, the agreed upon formula seems to be (A X B)+2A-C, where A is a random number, B is another random number and C is seven. in non-math terms, of all the camps we deal with the recommended number of towels seems to vary from two to twelve, with seven or eight being the average. Depending on the Camp, I usually recommend six - but that is just one man's opinion.

Keep in mind that no matter what quantities of towels (or anything else) you decide to send, it should all easily fit into two large duffel bags (or one trunk, depending on your camp). This is the least flexible number on your entire list ('least flexible' should be read 'Not one, not three, and most definitely not four. Five is right out'). Camps do not have room for more, not on busses or in the cabins themselves.

I would just like to add that no camper needs a completely new wardrobe, shiny new flashlight, brand new sleeping bag or all-new towels every year (no matter what the Camp Connection marketing department says). Stuff that goes to camp gets beat up, dropped, pulled, twisted torn and shredded - and that just on the bus ride to the camp. You should see what happens to it when the campers unpack. Some of the commodities are obviously just for a season (Soap, batteries, toothpaste), but old clothes and blankets that are in the back of the closet are just fine year after year. And remember, Label everything! Until next time, good luck. You'll need it.

Sean Markle (Camp Connection General Store, February 20, 2003)

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West Nile Virus vs. Deet based insect repellent.

Debate over ‘lesser of two evils’ heats up as snow melts.

The West Nile virus - spread by mosquitoes - is bad. How do you prevent contracting this virus? Use insect repellents - most of which are Deet based. Deet is also bad. It is an interesting and scary dilemma and the few options for side-stepping the whole mess are not very attractive. With the overwhelming volume of information and misinformation, how do you choose the lesser of two evils in this battle royal?

In one corner you have the dreaded West Nile Virus. West Nile was discovered in Uganda in 1937, but did not become a major concern in North America until after the New York epidemic of 1999. West Nile can be contracted by nine different mammal species, including Gorillas and Humans, and is carried by a large number of species of bird. The virus is spread to Humans almost solely by the bite of mosquitoes (like outdoor enthusiasts needed another reason to despise the little flying vampires).

West Nile can cause fatal inflammation of the brain (known as encephalitis) or of the membranes covering the brain or spinal cord (know as meningitis). These are more serious infections - shown by high fever, stiff necks, disorientation, comas and convulsions. However it usually produces flu-like symptoms - either asymptomatic infection or mild febrile (feverish) disease, and tends to most strongly affect the very young or elderly. Signs of the illness can include fevers, head and body aches, and skin rashes, and usually turn up between five and fifteen days after beeing bitten.

West Nile can seem to be a mild nuisance in most cases, - more akin to a head cold than its deadly reputation would indicate - but its rapid spread and the fact that it is almost unpreventable make it a serious concern. Coupled with the fact that the North American version of the illness "seems to be a more lethal and infectious strain than anticipated" (it has now been attributed to "a condition called sudden limb paralysis" affecting otherwise healthy adults), In the Toronto area over the last year there were only 125 confirmed cases of the illness, and only 305 confirmed cases in all of Ontario (Sources differ slightly on these numbers), but these are sure to grow rapidly as the Virus spreads. West Nile has become a major worry.

In the opposite corner to the infamous virus stand insect repellents, the most common and effective of which contain Deet (Products such as Muskol). As the writers at DukeMed News so clinically put it: "DEET should be used with caution due to its possible damaging effects on brain cells." Apparently this particular study was only conducted in the long term, using human sized doses on rat sized rats - but the implications are alarming.

"This (frequent and prolonged) exposure causes neurons to die in regions of the brain that control muscle movement, learning, memory, and concentration" DEET is made from either ethyl or isopropyl alcohol, and while it is deemed suitable for application to skin or fabrics, if not properly used (if it is ingested, or if a high concentration is used on children), there is a potential hazard of poisoning.

All this being said, Deet is highly effective, and is considered relatively harmless if utilized with caution. It is often recommended that insect repellents with less than 10% Deet be used, in limited amounts for short periods. The repellent should be washed off immediatly after use, and never be applied near the mouth, eyes, or on the hands of children. When prolonged protection from biting insects is required, try alternating a Deet based repellent with another type of bug control - but never mix insecticides or repellents.

While Deet is the heavyweight contender in the repellent corner, there are alternatives to Deet based products. Citronella, cedar, verbena, pennyroyal, geranium, lavender, pine, cinnamon, rosemary, basil, thyme, allspice, garlic, and peppermint are all plants who's essential oils have been shown to repel insects. Citronella - which is available in every form from bars of soap to lotions to candles - is the most effective of these, but it’s period of effectiveness is less than half that of Deet products.

There are electronic devices which run on batteries and emit a high frequency tone which is supposed to deter all manner of biting bugs. Some work well and others not so much. The unfortunate downsides are that batteries tend to last less long than Deet; that occasionally we can hear the tone and get so annoyed we turn off the repeller; and that bugs in different regions and of different species seem to react to different tones, so that no one electronic repeller will do the job.

There are always the standard preventative measures: wear long sleeved shirts, long pants and thick socks. Try to minimize your time outdoors during peak bug times (dawn and dusk). Avoid long grass and standing water, and if you can, eliminate any of these from your environment as they are breeding grounds for mosquitoes. Short of that, it is up to you to pick the lesser of evils.

Who will win the contest between West Nile and Deet? The battle will definitely heat up with the spring temperatures. Keep a close eye on Muskol’s bug forecaster this summer to try and stay out of the way of those little vampires as much as possible. And remember, if nothing else seems to work, there is always a good old fashioned mesh bug jacket - the only known adverse effect is the affront on your fashion sense.

Sean Markle (Camp Connection General Store, March 20, 2003)

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Picking the right sleeping bag - Don't be caught napping.

If I had a dollar for every time I was asked "what kind of sleeping bag

will my son need for summer camp," well, I’d have a lot of dollars. If I knew the correct answer to that same question, I would be on info-mercials and have a lot more dollars. There are so many choices - styles, weights, temperature ranges, and types of insulation that my answer invariably, is: "I don’t know, what will it be used for?" If you answered "well, I’m going to sleep in it," I claim no responsibility for my actions.

What choosing a sleeping bag boils down to is balancing three key points - Construction, Usage, and the ever important Cost. The balance is slightly different for every person, so no one bag will cover all uses - two people will plan the same trip, and want two completely different bags. The trick is to know what you are looking for and be able to make an informed decision.

Sleeping Bag Construction.

Sleeping bags are built in as many different ways as there are sleeping bag manufacturers, but the end result should be the same for each bag - a good night of sleep for you. Here are some things to look at when checking out bags:

Temperature Rating. Temperature rating is only a guide, and despite sounding very scientific and quantifiable, is a poor indicator of sleeping bag performance. Ratings are generally found by using a copper dummy to measure heat loss across time in controlled conditions. Many companies do not bother with this system, and even the ones who do, tend to have inconsistent results. Temperature ratings should only be used to judge what time of year, or what climate a bag will be most useful in. Regardless of the factory temperature rating, the bag can only maintain heat, not produce it. You are the furnace for your sleeping bag (it’s all very Zen) and if you produce little heat, are sensitive to cooler temperatures, or need the psychological comfort of a nice heavy blanket, all of the temperature ratings in the world might not help you keep warm when the sun drops.

Fill. The type of stuffing used to insulate your bag is called fill. Fills usually fall into two categories: Natural, and Synthetic.

Natural insulation means goose or duck down - the best insulators there are (Long story short, all Fills trap air in tiny pockets, and air, being a poor conductor of heat, keeps the bag warm. Down has more and better little air pockets). Down is light and can become very compact. Problems arise when down gets wet - it loses almost all of its insulation value and takes forever to dry. Down bags also need to be stored hanging or they will lose their fluffiness (technically referred to as ‘loft’).

Synthetic fills are man made fibers which come in many shapes and sizes. Hollofil, Polarguard, Quallofil, Primaloft, Thinsulate and Thinsulite are just a few - all with widely varying insulation values and weight properties. The benefits of synthetics in general are that they tend to wear better with use, store better, maintain warmth when wet, and dry faster. On the other hand, nothing compares to down for weight vs. insulating value, and synthetic bags tend not to have as much loft as a good down bag.

Shell. The shell, or the outer covering of the bag is generally a nylon or nylon mix for weight and durability. Nylon shells often include Rip-Stop, and some are water proofed to increase the durability of the fill. A decent bag also has a draft tube, usually (although not always) made of the same material as the shell. The draft tube is a flap or tube of fabric which sits behind the zipper to prevent drafts and excess heat loss.

Zipper. The bigger and heavier the zipper, the longer it will hold up and the more abuse it can stand. The balance to that is flexibility and weight - smaller zippers are lighter and more easily rolled or stuffed. Most bags have plastic zippers as metal zippers will damage the lining, draft tube and shell.


Shape. Sleeping bags come in two general shapes, Barrel (square bottom), and Mummy (tapered bottom). Barrel bottom bags tend to be more comfortable for people who prefer more room in the foot area. A mummy bag tapered at the bottom maintains warmth more efficiently, tends to pack slightly smaller and weigh slightly less. Hoods are available on some bags (in both shapes, though most often found on mummy bags), and are designed to prevent heat loss by pulling up and around the sleeper’s head. This is highly effective in colder situations, but quite often the hood also serves as a convenient place to tuck a pillow, or a way of keeping out bugs.

Stuff Size. How big is the sleeping bag when it is all bundled up and ready to go? If you plan on hiking your gear in, or portaging it on a canoe trip, smaller, lighter and more compact is always more desirable (however it is often more expensive). If you are using it in the back yard, or pulling it out of the back of your car at the campsite then weight and size are no big deal.

Sleeping Bag usage.

Simply put - when, where and how often are you planning on using the bag. If it is to be used for backyard camping or sleeping on the neighbors floor, you don’t need to invest much money, and stuff size and weight are not a big issue. If you plan on scaling Everest however, you will be more concerned with all of the above and more. People who work or play outdoors in all seasons and climates often have three or four different bags, and plan ahead enough to know which bag they are going to need. For the average user, one carefully chosen bag will most often suffice.

Cost

Sleeping Bags range anywhere from $20 Canadian, to $700 and beyond. Most of us will spend somewhere in the $50 to $150 range to get exactly what we need. Synthetic bags are less expensive than down, and for both, bags with higher loft and higher temperature ratings tend to cost more. For the most part, sleeping bags are one of those items where you get what you pay for - good quality is often indicated by a higher cost. The biggest danger when buying a bag is not poor quality for your money, but buying an expensive bag whose features you have no need for.

I am a huge advocate of making sure the bag you buy is a quality one, and is going to stand up to use. A decent sleeping bag - no matter what style - will last the average user for many years if it is properly cared for. My parents have an old pair of well used Woods 3lb bags that have been around longer than dirt. These bags have seen more Provincial parks, backyards and sleep overs than can be counted, and are still as effective as the day they were bought.

Trying to balance these three categories can be overwhelming, especially if you go into a store or outfitter unprepared and uneducated. All of the options, sizes and temperature levels tend to run together very quickly. Take your time, hunt around and do your research. Know roughly where and when you want to use the bag, and have a (reasonable) ballpark figure of what you would like to spend. Armed with this information any decent sales staff should be able to help you find exactly the bag You need. Without the sarcastic answers, or me trying to collect another loony.

Sean Markle
Camp Connection General Store
April 26, 2003

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